Friday, April 14, 2023
Berliner Philharmonie, Herbert-von-Karajan-Straße, Berlin
The Berliner Philharmoniker and Kirill Petrenko have been in Baden-Baden for concerts (also involving Daniel Harding and Emmanuelle Haïm) and several staged performances of Die Frau ohne Schatten directed by Lydia Steier (a production shot above). Bringing Richard Strauss’s Opus 65 to Berlin for a concert rendition, the Philharmonie’s platform was packed to accommodate one of his very largest orchestras – strings requested to be 16.16.12.12.8 (not quite reached, the basses were six; I guess the Baden-Baden Festspielhaus pit determined personnel numbers) and such as eight horns (four doubling Wagner tubas) – the tip of an extravagant instrumental iceberg for an opera that was begun in 1911 (the year Der Rosenkavalier was launched) and completed well before the premiere in Vienna in 1919 delayed by production problems.
The opera’s arresting opening was stabbed home by four trombones – strangeness immediately present, and a curse will play a part during the telling of this tale – the stand-and-deliver singers able to colour their participations with the experience of the recent acted renditions. Clay Hilley’s Emperor was heroic in dealing with the vocal demands – a high-lying demonstrative part for which he was able to avoid strain or coarseness – and an enthralling confrontation between the Empress and the Nurse, with the orchestra (Noah Bendix-Balgley, concertmaster), illustrating two worlds, spirit and human, incident-packed, including onomatopoeia, Petrenko as concerned with the busy-busy yet chamber-music detail as he would have been during rehearsals and the Baden-Baden first night – no resting on laurels – the playing super-virtuosic, thrilling when thundering, also deeply sensitive for moments of reflection and, throughout, relishing taking the action forward on its own terms, not really entr’actes or interludes but combustible links.
All of this in the opening thirty minutes set the trend for an ambitious three-Act, three-hour-plus stage-work, signalling the leadership of Petrenko and the distinction of these singers’ distinguished vocal abilities and characterisations, enhanced by the Digital Concert Hall adding an English translation, there if needed and without distraction if not. One moment dramatic, the next enchanted, this is Strauss maintaining yet connecting diversity with supreme skill so that the sixty-minute first Act as a musical experience seemed half that length. Act II introduces a children’s choir, featured an expressive cello solo to accompany the out-hunting Emperor’s wonderment (magical harps and celesta) with a falcon leading him to disturbing revelations: “the Empress must die!” is his conclusion. By the end, singers and orchestra are going full pelt, exuding tremendous energy, and this also-sixty-minute Act has again flown by; the crushing end – Petrenko graphic in his gestures – gets the audience roaring approval. Act III begins sinisterly and darkly (bass clarinet, bassoons, string basses) during which forgiveness is sought and reconciliations made, if not without difficulty – orchestrally, there was cataclysm and a tender solo from Bendix-Balgley -, Elza van den Heever’s Empress mesmerising, she gets her shadow without stealing it from the Dyer’s Wife (she’s reunited with Barak), and the Emperor doesn’t turn to stone. Ecstatic music and a glowing soft chord to end with. Sixty-four minutes. Long enthusiastic ovation.
Superb sound (offstage perspectives expertly judged) and picture from the DCH.
***
Clay Hilley tenor (The Emperor)
Elza van den Heever soprano (The Empress)
Michaela Schuster mezzo-soprano (Nurse)
Wolfgang Koch bass (Barak, the Dyer)
Miina-Liisa Värelä soprano (The Dyer’s Wife)
Bogdan Baciu baritone (The Messenger of Keikobad)
Agnieszka Adamczak soprano (The Guardian of the Threshold, The Voice of a Falcon, Second Voice of the Unborn Children, Second Servant of the Empress, Second Child)
Evan LeRoy Johnson tenor (The Apparition of a Youth)
Ksenia Nikolaeva mezzo-soprano (A Voice from Above, Fifth Voice of the Unborn Children, Sixth Voice of the Unborn Children)
Johannes Weisser baritone (The One-eyed Man, Barak’s brother)
Nathan Berg baritone (The One-Armed Man, Barak’s brother)
Peter Hoare tenor (The Hunchback, Barak’s brother)
Serafina Starke soprano (First Voice of the Unborn Children, First Servant of the Empress, First Child)
Flore van Meerssche soprano (Third Child, Third Voice of the Unborn Children)
Dorottya Láng mezzo-soprano (Third Servant of the Empress, Fourth Voice of the Unborn Children, Fourth Child)
Shannon Keegan mezzo-soprano (Third Servant of the Empress, Fourth Voice of the Unborn Children, Fourth Child)
Theodore Platt baritone (First Voice of the Town Watchmen)
Gerrit Illenberger baritone (Second Voice of the Town Watchmen)
Thomas Mole baritone (Third Voice of the Town Watchmen)
Cantus Juvenum Karlsruhe
NFM Choir Wroclaw
***
The opera’s story is set in the mythical empire of the Southeastern Islands and involves five principal characters: the Emperor, the Empress, her Nurse, Barak, a lowly dyer, and the Dyer’s Wife. A sixth character, Keikobad, King of the Spirit Realm and father to the Empress, sets the plot in motion, but never appears… The Empress is half human: she was captured by the Emperor in the form of a gazelle. She assumed human shape and he married her, but she has no shadow. This symbolizes her inability to bear children. Keikobad has decreed that unless the Empress gains a shadow before the end of the twelfth moon, she will be reclaimed by her father and the Emperor will turn to stone.
Act 1
Scene 1
It is dawn, outside the bedchambers of the Emperor and Empress. The Messenger of Keikobad arrives, and tells the Empress’s nurse that the Empress must acquire a shadow within three days, or she will be forcibly returned to his realm, and the Emperor turned to stone. The Nurse is excited about the prospect of returning to the spirit world, since she hates humans and having to dwell with them.
The Messenger leaves and the Emperor emerges from his bedchamber. He departs on a three-day hunting trip, seeking his favorite falcon, which he drove away for attacking a gazelle that later turned into the Empress. He leaves his wife to the Nurse’s care. The Empress emerges from her chamber and reminisces about times when she had the ability to turn into any creature she wanted.
It is revealed that after being attacked by the red falcon that the Emperor is seeking, she lost a talisman that gave transformation powers, and on which was inscribed a curse that foresaw the fate she and the Emperor are about to face if she does not acquire a shadow. The red falcon appears and warns the Empress that the curse is about to be fulfilled. The Empress begs the Nurse to help her get a shadow. The Nurse, who is steeped in magic, suggests descending to the mortal world and finding a woman who will sell her shadow to the Empress.
Scene 2
Barak, a dyer, shares his hut with his Wife and his three brothers: the One-Eyed Man, the One-Armed Man, and the Hunchback. The three brothers fight about a stolen item and are separated by the Wife, who throws a bucket of water at them. The brothers-in-law then argue with the Wife. Barak enters and stops the argument. The Wife wants to have her in-laws thrown out, but her husband refuses.
The Dyer desires children, but his Wife fears the responsibility and has secretly sworn not to have any. The Dyer and his brothers leave, and the Empress and the Nurse arrive in disguise. The Wife wants them out of her house but the Nurse conjures up visions of luxury and promises them to the Wife in return for her shadow. The Wife agrees to deny her husband for three days during which the Nurse and the Empress will live at the Dyer’s hut as poor relatives who have come to work as servants.
Barak approaches and the Wife is worried that dinner is not ready, the Nurse once more uses her magic to have everything ready, including the splitting of Barak’s bed in two. The Nurse and Empress disappear, and the Wife is greatly upset by the offstage Voices of Unborn Children lamenting, which emerge from the fish that are cooking on the fire. The Dyer returns to find he is barred from his marital bed. The Wife curtly informs him of the impending stay of her “cousins” and goes off to her separate bed. From outside the Town Watchmen are heard singing of the importance of conjugal love. Barak sighs and lies down to sleep on the floor.
Act 2
Scene 1
The Empress, acting as a servant, helps the Dyer leave for work, but is troubled by her role, because Barak is very kind to her. The Nurse conjures up the image of a handsome youth by bringing a broom to life, which tempts the Dyer’s Wife. The Dyer returns with his hungry brothers and beggar children. He has had a magnificent day at the market, selling all his goods, and has invited everyone to celebrate. However, his Wife manages to ruin the celebration.
Scene 2
The Emperor is led to his hunting lodge in the forest by the red falcon. He sees the Empress and Nurse surreptitiously enter the lodge, and is suspicious. When he comes closer, he smells a human odor trailing the Empress. Thinking she has betrayed him, he resolves to kill her. He first thinks of using an arrow, and then his sword, and then his bare hands. Finally he realizes he can’t do it. He resolves to seek out some isolated ravine to be alone with his misery.
Scene 3
At the Dyer’s house, the Dyer is drugged into sleep by the Nurse. The Nurse again conjures up the young man for the Wife, who grows frightened and rouses the Dyer. Barak is surprised to learn that there is a man in his house but then is quickly turned upon by his Wife, who shouts at him, then leaves for the city, leaving her confused husband. Left alone with Barak, the Empress feels more guilty than before.
Scene 4
The Empress goes to sleep at the hunting lodge, but in her sleep she is further troubled by her crime and by the possible fate of the Emperor. In a dream, she sees the Emperor enter her father’s realm. Unseen choruses chant the curse of the talisman. Awakening, she is overcome with guilt and remorse.
Scene 5
The next day, the Wife announces that she has sold her shadow. When a fire reveals that she has no shadow, the enraged Barak is ready to kill her. The Empress cries out that she no longer wants the shadow. A sword appears in the Dyer’s hand. His brothers restrain him as the Wife declares her remorse and urges Barak to kill her. An earthquake splits the ground and Barak and his wife are swallowed into the earth. The brothers flee, and the Nurse, recognizing Keikobad’s hand, spirits the Empress away.
Act 3
Scene 1
In a grotto beneath the realm of Keikobad, the wife and the Dyer are seen in separate chambers, unaware of the other’s presence. The Wife is haunted by the Voices of Unborn Children. She protests that she loves the Dyer, who regrets his attempted violence. A voice directs them up separate staircases.
Scene 2
The Empress and Nurse arrive before Keikobad’s temple. The Nurse tries to convince the Empress to escape but she remembers the doors from her dream and knows that her father is waiting for her on the other side. She dismisses the Nurse and enters. The Nurse foretells terrible tortures awaiting the Empress and misleads the Wife and Barak, who are looking for each other, she to die at her husband’s hand, he to forgive her and hold her in his arms. Keikobad’s Messenger condemns the Nurse to wander the mortal world.
Scene 3
Inside the Temple, the Empress speaks to Keikobad, asking for forgiveness and to find her place amongst those who cast shadows. Keikobad does not answer but shows the Emperor already almost petrified. The Fountain of Life springs up before the Empress, and a temple guardian urges her to drink from it and claim the Wife’s shadow for herself. But the Dyer and the Wife are heard offstage, and the Empress refuses to steal their future happiness and become human by robbing humanity from someone else: “Ich will nicht!” (“I will not!”). This act of renunciation frees her: she receives a shadow, and the Emperor is restored to natural form.
Scene 4
The scene changes to a beautiful landscape. Barak and his Wife are reunited and she regains her own shadow. Both couples sing of their humanity and praise their Unborn Children.
***